This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the potential implications of establishing a Russian naval base in Port Sudan on the prospects for peace and democratic transition in Sudan. Amidst an internal conflict with external dimensions and faltering democratic aspirations, a Russian presence represents a significant geopolitical move with far-reaching consequences. The analysis reveals that Russia is exploiting Sudan's instability to expand its influence, offering military support that contributes to prolonging the war and undermining state-building efforts. Through a comparative approach, drawing parallels with Russian interventions in Syria and Libya, a recurring pattern emerges: supporting authoritarian regimes, exploiting resources, deepening conflicts, and obstructing governance. While no final agreement on the base has been signed as of the writing of this paper, these historical precedents raise serious concerns about Sudan's future. The paper recommends that the Sudanese government adopt a policy of positive neutrality in international relations, suspend the implementation of any Russian base agreement pending a reassessment by a specialized national committee, and redirect its efforts towards ending the war and achieving reconciliation. It further advises prioritizing investments and developmental opportunities over military concessions. Additionally, the paper calls upon political forces and civil society to organize awareness campaigns and peaceful advocacy against foreign interventions, to activate international communication, and to support independent research and media in highlighting the risks posed by foreign bases.
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